ITT · Industrials(pumps & pumping equipment) · 10 years of annual accounts filed with the SEC · latest fiscal year ended 2025-12-31
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ITT Inc. reported revenue of $3.9 billion in fiscal 2025, after growing 5.6% a year over the previous 9 years. Its operating margin widened from 11.5% in 2016 to 17.4%, and it earned 11.2% on its invested capital in the latest year. Of the $3.7 billion its operations generated over 10 years, 36.2% went to acquisitions and 35.7% to buybacks; the share count fell 11.1%. On the accounting screens, it passes 6 of 9 Piotroski tests, its Altman Z'' of 6.34 is in the safe zone and its Beneish M-score is below the -1.78 line; none of the six cross-checks between its statements fires.
Revenue, fiscal 20253.9B+5.6% a year over 9 years
Operating margin17.4%gross margin 35.4%
Return on invested capital11.2%15.4% on average over 5 years
Free cash flow after stock pay511.3M13.0% of revenue
Net debt ÷ EBITDANet cash1.2B more cash than debt
Piotroski F-score6/9tests of improvement passed
Is it growing?
Revenue and the operating income it turns into. Growth that does not reach operating income is growth bought with margin.
RevenueOperating income
01.0B2.0B3.0B4.0B
2016Revenue 2.4BOperating income 276.6M
2017Revenue 2.6BOperating income 319.3M
2018Revenue 2.7BOperating income 397.3M
2019Revenue 2.8BOperating income 411.4M
2020Revenue 2.5BOperating income 226.5M
2021Revenue 2.8BOperating income 504.3M
2022Revenue 3.0BOperating income 468.0M
2023Revenue 3.3BOperating income 530.5M
2024Revenue 3.6BOperating income 678.1M
2025Revenue 3.9BOperating income 684.5M
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Compound growth a year
3 yrs
5 yrs
9 yrs
Revenue
+9.6%
+9.7%
+5.6%
Operating income
+13.5%
+24.8%
+10.6%
Net income
+10.0%
+46.4%
+11.3%
Earnings per share
+11.7%
+49.0%
+12.8%
Free cash flow per share
+48.9%
+10.0%
+18.9%
Dividend per share
+9.8%
+15.5%
+12.1%
Shares
-1.5%
-1.8%
-1.3%
Falling shares are buybacks: each remaining share owns more of the company.
Does it earn more than its capital costs?
Margins say how much of each sale is kept; return on invested capital says how much the business earns on the money it needs to operate. Growth only creates value when that return is above the cost of the capital.
Return on invested capitalCost of capital today · 9.8%
0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%
2016Return on invested capital 13.7%
2017Return on invested capital 7.4%
2018Return on invested capital 18.5%
2019Return on invested capital 15.4%
2020Return on invested capital 8.7%
2021Return on invested capital 14.1%
2022Return on invested capital 16.6%
2023Return on invested capital 16.7%
2024Return on invested capital 18.1%
2025Return on invested capital 11.2%
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Economic profit
Economic profit
-100.0M0100.0M200.0M300.0M
2016Economic profit 55.2M
2017Economic profit -38.8M
2018Economic profit 159.0M
2019Economic profit 117.3M
2020Economic profit -24.1M
2021Economic profit 97.2M
2022Economic profit 154.4M
2023Economic profit 174.8M
2024Economic profit 250.9M
2025Economic profit 64.6M
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
(return on capital − cost of capital) × capital invested: the profit left after paying for the money used. Today's cost of capital is applied to every year, since a past one cannot be rebuilt honestly.
Return on equity
11.9%
Return on assets
7.7%
Asset turnover
0.62×
Research & development
2.8% of revenue
Overheads (SG&A)
9.4% of revenue
Is the profit cash, and where does the cash go?
Net income is an accounting opinion; free cash flow is what was left in the bank after investing. Stock-based pay does not leave the bank — shareholders pay it through dilution — so it is shown taken off as well.
Net incomeFree cash flowAfter stock-based pay
-200.0M0200.0M400.0M600.0M
2016Net income 186.1MFree cash flow 129.3MAfter stock-based pay 116.7M
2017Net income 113.5MFree cash flow 133.9MAfter stock-based pay 115.8M
2018Net income 333.7MFree cash flow 276.3MAfter stock-based pay 254.7M
2019Net income 325.1MFree cash flow 266.3MAfter stock-based pay 250.6M
2020Net income 72.5MFree cash flow 372.2MAfter stock-based pay 358.8M
2021Net income 316.3MFree cash flow -96.8MAfter stock-based pay -113.3M
2022Net income 367.0MFree cash flow 173.8MAfter stock-based pay 155.7M
2023Net income 412.2MFree cash flow 430.4MAfter stock-based pay 410.2M
2024Net income 519.9MFree cash flow 438.7MAfter stock-based pay 412.8M
2025Net income 488.0MFree cash flow 547.5MAfter stock-based pay 511.3M
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Where 10 years of operating cash went, 2016–2025
3.7B generated by the business. Each band is its share of that total.
Reinvested in the business 28%1.0B
Acquisitions 36%1.3B
Dividends 20%723.6M
Share buybacks 36%1.3B
More than it generated: funded with cash or new debt -19%-707.1M
Over the same years it paid 198.3M in stock. The share count fell 11.1%. 1.1B of the buybacks went beyond offsetting that dilution.
Per share
Earnings per shareFree cash flow per shareDividend per share
$-2.00$0.00$2.00$4.00$6.00$8.00
2016Earnings per share $2.07Free cash flow per share $1.44Dividend per share $0.50
2017Earnings per share $1.28Free cash flow per share $1.50Dividend per share $0.51
2018Earnings per share $3.76Free cash flow per share $3.11Dividend per share $0.53
2019Earnings per share $3.67Free cash flow per share $3.01Dividend per share $0.59
2020Earnings per share $0.83Free cash flow per share $4.26Dividend per share $0.68
2021Earnings per share $3.66Free cash flow per share $-1.12Dividend per share $0.88
2022Earnings per share $4.38Free cash flow per share $2.08Dividend per share $1.05
2023Earnings per share $4.98Free cash flow per share $5.20Dividend per share $1.16
2024Earnings per share $6.32Free cash flow per share $5.33Dividend per share $1.27
2025Earnings per share $6.11Free cash flow per share $6.85Dividend per share $1.39
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Shares outstanding
Diluted shares
77.5M80.0M82.5M85.0M87.5M90.0M
2016Diluted shares 89.9M
2017Diluted shares 89.0M
2018Diluted shares 88.7M
2019Diluted shares 88.6M
2020Diluted shares 87.3M
2021Diluted shares 86.5M
2022Diluted shares 83.7M
2023Diluted shares 82.7M
2024Diluted shares 82.3M
2025Diluted shares 79.9M
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
How strong is the balance sheet?
Debt is not bad in itself; debt the business cannot service in a bad year is. Net debt is debt minus cash, and below zero the company holds more cash than it owes.
Net debt
-1.5B-1.0B-500.0M0
2016Net debt -458.3M
2017Net debt -380.7M
2018Net debt -550.6M
2019Net debt -596.9M
2020Net debt -844.3M
2021Net debt -635.4M
2022Net debt -551.3M
2023Net debt -481.2M
2024Net debt -204.1M
2025Net debt -1.2B
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025
Net debt ÷ EBITDA
-1.5×
Interest coverage
14× operating income ÷ interest
Current ratio
2.58 current assets ÷ current liabilities
Cash conversion cycle
100 days collects in 70d, stock 96d, pays in 67d
Three classic screens of the accounts
Each asks a different question of the same statements — is it improving, does it look like a company heading for distress, do the accounts resemble ones that were manipulated. None is a verdict; each shows what moves it.
Piotroski F-score
Is the business improving? Nine yes-or-no tests, this year against last.
6of 9 tests passed
✓ProfitableReturn on assets above zeropassed
✓Cash from operationsOperating cash flow above zeropassed
✕Profitability improvedReturn on assets higher than a year beforefailed
✓Profit backed by cashOperating cash flow above net income (low accruals)passed
✕Less long-term debtLong-term debt as a share of assets fellfailed
✓More liquidCurrent ratio higher than a year beforepassed
✓No new sharesShare count did not growpassed
✓Better gross marginGross margin higher than a year beforepassed
✕Sells more per assetAsset turnover higher than a year beforefailed
Where it misleads: it measures change, not level. An excellent business that stood still for a year scores low; a poor one recovering from a disaster scores high.
Altman Z''-score
Does the balance sheet look like those of companies that went bankrupt?
6.34safe zone
1.12.6
Working capital ÷ assets 0.33 × 6.56+2.14
Retained earnings ÷ assets 0.47 × 3.26+1.54
Operating income ÷ assets 0.11 × 6.72+0.73
Equity ÷ liabilities 1.84 × 1.05+1.93
Where it misleads: buybacks. A company that returns so much cash that its equity turns small or negative sinks the last two ratios without being anywhere near bankruptcy. Banks and insurers do not fit the model at all.
Beneish M-score
Do the accounts resemble those of companies that manipulated their earnings?
-2.63below the -1.78 line
-1.78
Receivables vs sales 0.99+0.91
Gross margin slipping 0.97+0.51
Soft assets 0.77+0.31
Sales growth 1.08+0.97
Slower depreciation 1.03+0.12
Overheads vs sales 1.14-0.20
Profit not in cash -0.03-0.13
Leverage rising 0.87-0.28
Where it misleads: fast growth and acquisitions. Sales growth carries a heavy weight, so a company growing 50% a year scores like a suspect without having done anything. It is a screen from a 1999 study, not an accusation.
Where the statements disagree
Cross-checks between the income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow for the latest year, each with the benign reading and the worrying one.
None of the six cross-checks fires for the latest year: receivables and inventory move with revenue, profit turns into cash, investment keeps up with depreciation, the tax rate is ordinary and debt is moderate.
What is it worth, under which assumptions?
A company is worth the cash it will generate, brought back to today. This model projects revenue with growth that fades over the years, applies a free cash flow margin, and discounts the result at the cost of capital. Every assumption says where it came from, and all of them can be changed.
Value per share, with these assumptions$120.22discounted at 9.8% a year · 53% of it from after year 10
Type a share price on the left to ask the reverse questions: what growth, what margin or what discount rate that price implies.
What the value implies, in the usual multiples
At this model's value
Price ÷ earnings
19.7×
Enterprise value ÷ EBITDA
10.1×
Enterprise value ÷ revenue
2.1×
Free cash flow yield
5.3%
From cash flows to a value per share
10 years of cash flow, today4.0B
Everything after, today4.4B
The whole business8.4B
Plus net cash1.2B
What belongs to shareholders9.6B
Divided among 79.9M shares: <strong>$120.22</strong> each.
The projection next to its history
Reported free cash flow after stock pay, then the model's. A projection that looks nothing like the past needs a reason.
ReportedProjected
-250.0M0250.0M500.0M750.0M1.0B
2016Reported 116.7M
2017Reported 115.8M
2018Reported 254.7M
2019Reported 250.6M
2020Reported 358.8M
2021Reported -113.3M
2022Reported 155.7M
2023Reported 410.2M
2024Reported 412.8M
2025Reported 511.3M
2026Projected 492.4M
2027Projected 535.4M
2028Projected 577.9M
2029Projected 619.3M
2030Projected 658.9M
2031Projected 695.9M
2032Projected 729.5M
2033Projected 759.1M
2034Projected 784.0M
2035Projected 803.6M
2016201820202022202420262028203020322034
Year by year
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
Revenue
4.3B
4.7B
5.1B
5.4B
5.8B
6.1B
6.4B
6.6B
6.9B
7.0B
Growth
9.5%
8.7%
7.9%
7.2%
6.4%
5.6%
4.8%
4.1%
3.3%
2.5%
Cash margin
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
11.4%
Free cash flow
492.4M
535.4M
577.9M
619.3M
658.9M
695.9M
729.5M
759.1M
784.0M
803.6M
Worth today
448.5M
444.1M
436.6M
426.1M
412.9M
397.1M
379.1M
359.3M
338.0M
315.5M
If the least-known inputs move
Value per share as two inputs change at a time. Neighbouring cells that differ a lot are the conclusion: the value depends on numbers nobody knows to a point.
The discount rate and growth forever
discount ↓ · forever →
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
8.8%
124
130
138
146
157
9.3%
116
122
128
136
144
9.8%
110
115
120
126
134
10.3%
104
109
113
119
125
10.8%
99
103
107
112
117
Year-one growth and the final margin
margin ↓ · growth →
5.5%
7.5%
9.5%
11.5%
13.5%
9.1%
91
97
104
111
119
10.3%
98
105
112
120
129
11.4%
105
112
120
129
138
12.6%
111
120
128
138
148
13.7%
118
127
136
147
158
All the inputs moving at once
5,000 valuations, each with growth, final margin, discount rate and growth forever drawn at random around the values on the left (spreads of 3.0%, 2.0%, 1.0% and 0.5%). Not a probability — the spreads are assumptions too — but an honest picture of how wide the answer is.
10th percentile$93.48
Median$120.55
90th percentile$159.06
$100.00$150.00$200.00
Half of the simulations land between <b>$105.08</b> and <b>$138.37</b>; one in ten below $93.48, one in ten above $159.06.
Does the long run make sense?
7.6×The terminal value prices the business in year 10 at 7.6 times that year's EBITDA.
19%To grow 2.5% forever while reinvesting 13% of its after-tax operating profit, the business must earn 19% on the new capital — it has earned 15% on average over the last five years.
53%of the value comes from after year 10. The more of it, the more the answer depends on the part nobody can see.
Every Form 4 filed in the last twelve months, read line by line: 6 filings by 6 people. Open-market purchases and sales are counted apart from awards, option exercises and shares withheld for taxes.
Bought on the open market$1.0M1 purchase(s) by 1 insider(s)
Sold on the open market$150,1751 sale(s) by 1 insider(s)
Under pre-arranged plans0%of the sales followed a 10b5-1 plan set months earlier
A Form 4 says what happened, when, how many shares and at what price. It does not say why: a sale can be diversification, a tax bill or a plan fixed months earlier, and an award is pay, not a purchase. Nothing here is a reason to buy or sell anything.
Which large funds report holding it
From the Form 13F of the 28 institutions followed on this site, as of the end of their last reported quarter. A 13F is filed up to 45 days later and shows only long positions in US-listed shares.
Accounts from the company's own SEC filings; lines some companies do not report are shown as a dash rather than estimated. The risk-free rate is the 10-year US Treasury yield. A DCF is a way of making assumptions explicit, not a forecast: it states what the company would be worth if the assumptions held. The scores are screens that point where to look, not verdicts. Nothing here is a recommendation to buy or sell.