SJM · Consumer staples(canned, fruits, veg, preserves, jams & jellies) · 10 years of annual accounts filed with the SEC · latest fiscal year ended 2026-04-30
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J M Smucker Co reported revenue of $9.1 billion in fiscal 2026, after growing 2.3% a year over the previous 9 years. Its operating margin narrowed from 14.1% in 2017 to 4.0%, and it earned 6.6% on its invested capital in the latest year. Of the $12.5 billion its operations generated over 10 years, 46.7% went to acquisitions and 32.6% to dividends; the share count fell 7.7%. On the accounting screens, it passes 5 of 9 Piotroski tests, its Altman Z'' of 0.45 is in the distress zone and its Beneish M-score is below the -1.78 line; 2 of the six cross-checks between its statements fire.
Revenue, fiscal 20269.1B+2.3% a year over 9 years
Operating margin4.0%gross margin 33.5%
Return on invested capital6.6%5.3% on average over 5 years
Free cash flow after stock pay1.1B12.5% of revenue
Net debt ÷ EBITDA9.2×net debt 6.5B
Piotroski F-score5/9tests of improvement passed
Is it growing?
Revenue and the operating income it turns into. Growth that does not reach operating income is growth bought with margin.
RevenueOperating income
-2.5B02.5B5.0B7.5B10.0B
2017Revenue 7.4BOperating income 1.0B
2018Revenue 7.4BOperating income 1.0B
2019Revenue 7.8BOperating income 928.6M
2020Revenue 7.8BOperating income 1.2B
2021Revenue 8.0BOperating income 1.4B
2022Revenue 8.0BOperating income 1.0B
2023Revenue 8.5BOperating income 157.5M
2024Revenue 8.2BOperating income 1.3B
2025Revenue 8.7BOperating income -673.9M
2026Revenue 9.1BOperating income 360.2M
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Compound growth a year
3 yrs
5 yrs
9 yrs
Revenue
+2.0%
+2.5%
+2.3%
Operating income
+31.8%
-23.6%
-11.1%
Free cash flow per share
+16.4%
-0.7%
+4.2%
Dividend per share
+1.9%
+3.9%
+4.5%
Shares
+0.7%
-1.0%
-0.9%
Falling shares are buybacks: each remaining share owns more of the company.
Does it earn more than its capital costs?
Margins say how much of each sale is kept; return on invested capital says how much the business earns on the money it needs to operate. Growth only creates value when that return is above the cost of the capital.
Return on invested capitalCost of capital today · 8.3%
-10.0%-5.0%0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%
2017Return on invested capital 6.0%
2018Return on invested capital 3.7%
2019Return on invested capital 5.1%
2020Return on invested capital 6.8%
2021Return on invested capital 8.1%
2022Return on invested capital 6.2%
2023Return on invested capital 13.5%
2024Return on invested capital 6.3%
2025Return on invested capital -6.0%
2026Return on invested capital 6.6%
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Economic profit
Economic profit
-2.0B-1.0B01.0B
2017Economic profit -273.0M
2018Economic profit -576.1M
2019Economic profit -432.6M
2020Economic profit -193.9M
2021Economic profit -21.8M
2022Economic profit -263.9M
2023Economic profit 602.7M
2024Economic profit -304.9M
2025Economic profit -1.9B
2026Economic profit -199.6M
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
(return on capital − cost of capital) × capital invested: the profit left after paying for the money used. Today's cost of capital is applied to every year, since a past one cannot be rebuilt honestly.
Return on equity
-2.5%
Return on assets
-0.9%
Asset turnover
0.56×
Overheads (SG&A)
16.5% of revenue
Is the profit cash, and where does the cash go?
Net income is an accounting opinion; free cash flow is what was left in the bank after investing. Stock-based pay does not leave the bank — shareholders pay it through dilution — so it is shown taken off as well.
Net incomeFree cash flowAfter stock-based pay
-2.0B-1.0B01.0B2.0B
2017Net income 592.3MFree cash flow 866.6MAfter stock-based pay 844.6M
2018Net income 1.3BFree cash flow 896.1MAfter stock-based pay 880.7M
2019Net income 514.4MFree cash flow 781.4MAfter stock-based pay 760.7M
2020Net income 779.5MFree cash flow 985.5MAfter stock-based pay 958.7M
2021Net income 876.3MFree cash flow 1.3BAfter stock-based pay 1.2B
2022Net income 631.7MFree cash flow 718.8MAfter stock-based pay 696.5M
2023Net income -91.3MFree cash flow 717.0MAfter stock-based pay 691.4M
2024Net income 744.0MFree cash flow 642.9MAfter stock-based pay 619.0M
2025Net income -1.2BFree cash flow 816.6MAfter stock-based pay 786.7M
2026Net income -138.7MFree cash flow 1.2BAfter stock-based pay 1.1B
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Where 10 years of operating cash went, 2017–2026
12.5B generated by the business. Each band is its share of that total.
Reinvested in the business 29%3.6B
Acquisitions 47%5.8B
Dividends 33%4.1B
Share buybacks 17%2.2B
More than it generated: funded with cash or new debt -26%-3.2B
Over the same years it paid 238.9M in stock. The share count fell 7.7%. 1.9B of the buybacks went beyond offsetting that dilution.
Per share
Earnings per shareFree cash flow per shareDividend per share
$-20.00$-10.00$0.00$10.00$20.00
2017Earnings per share $5.12Free cash flow per share $7.50Dividend per share $2.94
2018Earnings per share $11.85Free cash flow per share $7.93Dividend per share $3.10
2019Earnings per share $4.55Free cash flow per share $6.91Dividend per share $3.34
2020Earnings per share $6.87Free cash flow per share $8.69Dividend per share $3.50
2021Earnings per share $7.82Free cash flow per share $11.23Dividend per share $3.60
2022Earnings per share $5.83Free cash flow per share $6.63Dividend per share $3.86
2023Earnings per share $-0.87Free cash flow per share $6.87Dividend per share $4.12
2024Earnings per share $7.01Free cash flow per share $6.05Dividend per share $4.12
2025Earnings per share $-11.56Free cash flow per share $7.67Dividend per share $4.28
2026Earnings per share $-1.30Free cash flow per share $10.84Dividend per share $4.36
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Shares outstanding
Diluted shares
100.0M105.0M110.0M115.0M120.0M
2017Diluted shares 115.6M
2018Diluted shares 113.0M
2019Diluted shares 113.1M
2020Diluted shares 113.4M
2021Diluted shares 112.0M
2022Diluted shares 108.4M
2023Diluted shares 104.4M
2024Diluted shares 106.2M
2025Diluted shares 106.4M
2026Diluted shares 106.7M
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
How strong is the balance sheet?
Debt is not bad in itself; debt the business cannot service in a bad year is. Net debt is debt minus cash, and below zero the company holds more cash than it owes.
Net debt
02.0B4.0B6.0B8.0B
2017Net debt 4.8B
2018Net debt 4.5B
2019Net debt 5.4B
2020Net debt 5.0B
2021Net debt 4.3B
2022Net debt 4.1B
2023Net debt 3.7B
2024Net debt 7.7B
2025Net debt 7.0B
2026Net debt 6.5B
2017201820192020202120222023202420252026
Net debt ÷ EBITDA
9.2×
Interest coverage
— operating income ÷ interest
Current ratio
0.78 current assets ÷ current liabilities
Cash conversion cycle
24 days collects in 26d, stock 68d, pays in 71d
Three classic screens of the accounts
Each asks a different question of the same statements — is it improving, does it look like a company heading for distress, do the accounts resemble ones that were manipulated. None is a verdict; each shows what moves it.
Piotroski F-score
Is the business improving? Nine yes-or-no tests, this year against last.
5of 9 tests passed
✕ProfitableReturn on assets above zerofailed
✓Cash from operationsOperating cash flow above zeropassed
✓Profitability improvedReturn on assets higher than a year beforepassed
✓Profit backed by cashOperating cash flow above net income (low accruals)passed
✓Less long-term debtLong-term debt as a share of assets fellpassed
✕More liquidCurrent ratio higher than a year beforefailed
✕No new sharesShare count did not growfailed
✕Better gross marginGross margin higher than a year beforefailed
✓Sells more per assetAsset turnover higher than a year beforepassed
Where it misleads: it measures change, not level. An excellent business that stood still for a year scores low; a poor one recovering from a disaster scores high.
Altman Z''-score
Does the balance sheet look like those of companies that went bankrupt?
0.45distress zone
1.12.6
Working capital ÷ assets -0.03 × 6.56-0.23
Retained earnings ÷ assets -0.01 × 3.26-0.02
Operating income ÷ assets 0.02 × 6.72+0.15
Equity ÷ liabilities 0.52 × 1.05+0.55
Where it misleads: buybacks. A company that returns so much cash that its equity turns small or negative sinks the last two ratios without being anywhere near bankruptcy. Banks and insurers do not fit the model at all.
Beneish M-score
Do the accounts resemble those of companies that manipulated their earnings?
-2.83below the -1.78 line
-1.78
Receivables vs sales 1.02+0.94
Gross margin slipping 1.16+0.61
Soft assets 0.98+0.40
Sales growth 1.04+0.93
Slower depreciation 0.82+0.09
Overheads vs sales 0.94-0.16
Profit not in cash -0.10-0.47
Leverage rising 1.00-0.33
Where it misleads: fast growth and acquisitions. Sales growth carries a heavy weight, so a company growing 50% a year scores like a suspect without having done anything. It is a screen from a 1999 study, not an accusation.
Where the statements disagree
Cross-checks between the income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow for the latest year, each with the benign reading and the worrying one.
The effective tax rate is -122.3%.
Benign
A favourable geographic mix, or legitimate tax credits.
Worrying
Not sustainable; projecting it forward inflates the valuation.
Net debt is 9.2 times EBITDA.
Benign
A stable sector with predictable cash flows and comfortable maturities.
Worrying
Little room if earnings fall; the maturity schedule is what to check.
What is it worth, under which assumptions?
A company is worth the cash it will generate, brought back to today. This model projects revenue with growth that fades over the years, applies a free cash flow margin, and discounts the result at the cost of capital. Every assumption says where it came from, and all of them can be changed.
Value per share, with these assumptions$-55.88discounted at 8.3% a year · 58% of it from after year 10
Type a share price on the left to ask the reverse questions: what growth, what margin or what discount rate that price implies.
What the value implies, in the usual multiples
At this model's value
Price ÷ earnings
—
Enterprise value ÷ EBITDA
0.7×
Enterprise value ÷ revenue
0.1×
Free cash flow yield
—
From cash flows to a value per share
10 years of cash flow, today221.0M
Everything after, today302.7M
The whole business523.6M
Minus net debt-6.5B
What belongs to shareholders-6.0B
Divided among 106.7M shares: <strong>$-55.88</strong> each.
The projection next to its history
Reported free cash flow after stock pay, then the model's. A projection that looks nothing like the past needs a reason.
ReportedProjected
0500.0M1.0B1.5B
2017Reported 844.6M
2018Reported 880.7M
2019Reported 760.7M
2020Reported 958.7M
2021Reported 1.2B
2022Reported 696.5M
2023Reported 691.4M
2024Reported 619.0M
2025Reported 786.7M
2026Reported 1.1B
2027Projected 30.2M
2028Projected 31.0M
2029Projected 31.8M
2030Projected 32.6M
2031Projected 33.4M
2032Projected 34.2M
2033Projected 35.1M
2034Projected 35.9M
2035Projected 36.8M
2036Projected 37.8M
2017201920212023202520272029203120332035
Year by year
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
Revenue
9.3B
9.5B
9.7B
10.0B
10.2B
10.5B
10.8B
11.0B
11.3B
11.6B
Growth
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
2.5%
Cash margin
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
Free cash flow
30.2M
31.0M
31.8M
32.6M
33.4M
34.2M
35.1M
35.9M
36.8M
37.8M
Worth today
27.9M
26.4M
25.0M
23.7M
22.4M
21.2M
20.1M
19.0M
18.0M
17.1M
If the least-known inputs move
Value per share as two inputs change at a time. Neighbouring cells that differ a lot are the conclusion: the value depends on numbers nobody knows to a point.
The discount rate and growth forever
discount ↓ · forever →
1.5%
2.0%
2.5%
3.0%
3.5%
7.3%
-56
-55
-55
-54
-54
7.8%
-56
-56
-55
-55
-54
8.3%
-56
-56
-56
-56
-55
8.8%
-57
-57
-56
-56
-56
9.3%
-57
-57
-57
-56
-56
Year-one growth and the final margin
margin ↓ · growth →
-1.5%
0.5%
2.5%
4.5%
6.5%
0.3%
-57
-57
-57
-56
-56
0.3%
-57
-57
-56
-56
-55
0.3%
-57
-56
-56
-55
-55
0.4%
-56
-56
-55
-55
-54
0.4%
-56
-56
-55
-55
-54
All the inputs moving at once
5,000 valuations, each with growth, final margin, discount rate and growth forever drawn at random around the values on the left (spreads of 3.0%, 2.0%, 1.0% and 0.5%). Not a probability — the spreads are assumptions too — but an honest picture of how wide the answer is.
10th percentile$-87.07
Median$-55.70
90th percentile$-23.81
$-100.00$-50.00$0.00
Half of the simulations land between <b>$-71.42</b> and <b>$-39.30</b>; one in ten below $-87.07, one in ten above $-23.81.
Does the long run make sense?
0.7×The terminal value prices the business in year 10 at 0.7 times that year's EBITDA.
3%To grow 2.5% forever while reinvesting 92% of its after-tax operating profit, the business must earn 3% on the new capital — it has earned 5% on average over the last five years.
58%of the value comes from after year 10. The more of it, the more the answer depends on the part nobody can see.
Every Form 4 filed in the last twelve months, read line by line: 6 filings by 6 people. Open-market purchases and sales are counted apart from awards, option exercises and shares withheld for taxes.
Bought on the open market—none in the period
Sold on the open market$13.9M4 sale(s) by 3 insider(s)
Under pre-arranged plans0%of the sales followed a 10b5-1 plan set months earlier
A Form 4 says what happened, when, how many shares and at what price. It does not say why: a sale can be diversification, a tax bill or a plan fixed months earlier, and an award is pay, not a purchase. Nothing here is a reason to buy or sell anything.
Which large funds report holding it
From the Form 13F of the 28 institutions followed on this site, as of the end of their last reported quarter. A 13F is filed up to 45 days later and shows only long positions in US-listed shares.
Accounts from the company's own SEC filings; lines some companies do not report are shown as a dash rather than estimated. The risk-free rate is the 10-year US Treasury yield. A DCF is a way of making assumptions explicit, not a forecast: it states what the company would be worth if the assumptions held. The scores are screens that point where to look, not verdicts. Nothing here is a recommendation to buy or sell.